{"id":370,"date":"2024-12-03T18:25:35","date_gmt":"2024-12-03T10:25:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/znl.pub\/?p=370"},"modified":"2024-12-03T18:33:17","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T10:33:17","slug":"%e3%80%90%e8%bd%ac%e8%bd%bd%e3%80%91%e6%b5%85%e6%9e%90linux%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e5%8a%a0%e8%bd%bd%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8ecpu%e5%8a%a0%e7%94%b5%e5%88%b0%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e6%80%81%ef%bc%8c%e8%ae%b2%e8%ae%b2bio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/znl.pub\/?p=370","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u8f6c\u8f7d\u3011\u6d45\u6790linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a0\u8f7d\uff1a\u4eceCPU\u52a0\u7535\u5230\u7528\u6237\u6001\uff0c\u8bb2\u8bb2BIOS\u3001UEFI\u3001MBR\u5f15\u5bfc\u3001GRUB\u5f15\u5bfc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\u8f6c\u81ea\uff1ahttps:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/0rOT4BuStCDwnD0KfAC8Yw<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

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\u672c\u6587\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bfb\u8005\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u80fd\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u4fd7\u7684\u8bed\u8a00+\u5404\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u622a\u56fe+\u5e38\u89c1\u7591\u60d1\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u4eceCPU\u52a0\u7535\u5230\u7528\u6237\u6001\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b(\u7701\u7565\u5f88\u591a\u7ec6\u8282\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e2a\u5927\u6982\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u63a5\u89e6\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u6982\u5ff5\u633a\u4e71\u7684\u8bb0\u4e0d\u4f4f)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u96f6\u7ad9\uff1a\u5185\u6838\u955c\u50cfbzImage\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0b\u56fe\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86bzImage\u91cc\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

bzImage\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\uff1asetup.bin<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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\u5386\u53f2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a(Linux\u7248\u672c<=2.4\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\u8fd8\u5728\u7528\u8f6f\u76d8)\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7531\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5bf9\u5185\u6838\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u6838\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\uff08\u5982\u663e\u793a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7BIOS\u7684\u53d8\u91cfboot_params\u83b7\u53d6\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u628a\u5185\u6838\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fdb\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u73b0\u4eca<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u4eba\u4eec\u5236\u5b9a\u4e8632\u4f4d\u542f\u52a8\u534f\u8bae(32-bit boot protocol)\uff0cbootloader\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\uff0csetup.bin\u4ee5\u4e0a\u804c\u80fd\u90fd\u88ab\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u9000\u5316\u6210\u8f85\u52a9bootloader\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u6838\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u628asetup.bin\u79fb\u9664\u6389\u5462\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u66f4\u7701\u5730\u65b9\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u6ca1\u6709\u5b83\u5374\u4e0d\u592a\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3abootloader\u6709\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u955c\u50cf\u6765\u544a\u8bc9\u5b83\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u5185\u6838\u662f\u5426\u662f\u53ef\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u5730\u5740\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u800csetup.bin\u5728\u52a0\u8f7d\u524d\u672a\u88ab\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u5929\u7136\u7684\u9002\u5408\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u4e0ebootloader\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u201c\u4f20\u8bdd\u7b52\u201d\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u8981\u7167\u987e\u5230\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u752832\u4f4d\u542f\u52a8\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u573a\u5408\uff0c\u4e8e\u662fsetup.bin\u4fbf\u88ab\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

bzImage\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42:uncompressed\u90e8\u5206<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5176\u4e0d\u548csetup.bin\u5408\u5e76\u5462<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u539f\u56e0\uff1a
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.\u5728\u5b9e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b,CPU \u4f7f\u7528 20 \u4f4d\u5730\u5740\u7ebf,\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u5bfb\u5740\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u6700\u5927\u53ea\u6709 1MB (2^20 \u5b57\u8282)\uff0c0x00000 ~ 0xFFFFF \u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u5b9e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\u5185\u6838\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u6700\u7ec8\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f(\u6216\u800564\u4f4d\u957f\u6a21\u5f0f)\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


2.\u4e3a\u4e86setup.bin\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u4e3a\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5355\u9879\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u597d\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

bzImage\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c42\uff1avmlinux.bin.gz(\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662fgzip\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u522b\u7684)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86gzip\u538b\u7f29\u6280\u672f(\u6216\u8005lzma\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0cgzip\u538b\u7f29\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8f83\u5feb)\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u88abuncompressed\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u538b\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377vmlinux\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u538b\u7f29\u5462\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5bin\u4e0d\u662f\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u63a5\u5417<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u9996\u5148\u8fd9\u7b97\u534a\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u9057\u7559\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5728Linux\u7248\u672c<=2.4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5185\u6838\u955c\u50cf\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u591f\u653e\u5165\u8f6f\u76d8\u91cc\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f53\u65f6\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5168\u8fc7\u7a0b\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u5b9e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u65f6\u5185\u6838\u955c\u50cf\u5fc5\u987b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u538b\u7f29\u4ee5\u5c0f\u4e8e1MB\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4e5f\u6709\u597d\u5904\u6240\u4ee5\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\uff1agzip\u89e3\u538b\u65f6\u95f4\u8fdc\u8fdc\u5feb\u4e8eIO\u5bfc\u5165\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u8017\u65f6(\u56e0\u4e3a\u662f\u5728CPU\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u89e3\u538b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b)\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u5229\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

bzImage\u6700\u5185\u5c42\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\uff1avmlinux(.bin)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u662fLinux \u5185\u6838\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6620\u50cf\u3002\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25c6\u5728\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u81ea\u8eab\u4e4b\u540e,vmlinux \u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25c6\u5305\u62ec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9875\u8868\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5668\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u5de5\u4f5c,\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u5185\u6838\u8fd0\u884c\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\u3002
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.\u5185\u6838\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25c6vmlinux \u4f1a\u542f\u52a8\u5404\u79cd\u5185\u6838\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25c6\u5982\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.\u5185\u6838main\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25c6vmlinux \u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u5185\u6838\u7684 main() \u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25c6\u8fd9\u662f\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65,\u5185\u6838\u4ece\u6b64\u8fdb\u5165\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6309\u4e0b\u7535\u6e90\u952e\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ad9\uff1a\u5728CPU\u52a0\u7535\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

CPU\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u52a0\u7535\u81ea\u68c0\uff08Power-on self-test\uff0cPOST\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u592a\u8fc7\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u5c5e\u4e8e\u786c\u4ef6\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u505a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.\u521d\u59cb\u5316CPU\u5185\u90e8\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u548c\u7f13\u5b58
2.\u68c0\u67e5CPU\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38
3.\u786e\u5b9aCPU\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u53c2\u6570
4.\u4e3a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u505a\u597d\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u7f6e
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CPU\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u53ea\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0cRAM\u5185\u5b58\u5728\u65ad\u7535\u65f6\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u542f\u52a8\u65f6RAM\u91cc\u9762\u5565\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u8bbe\u8ba1CPU\u65f6\uff0c\u786c\u6027\u5730\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u6cbf\u7528\u81f3\u4eca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5728\u52a0\u7535\u7684\u77ac\u95f4\uff0c\u5f3a\u5236\u5c06 CS \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7684\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 0XF0000\uff0cIP \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7684\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 0XFFFF0\uff0cCS \u4e3a\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u800c   IP \u4e3a\u6307\u4ee4\u6307\u9488\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u6837\u8ba1\u7b97\u673aCS:IP \u5c31\u662f0xFFFF0 \uff08CS*10H+IP\uff09\uff0ccs\u5de6\u79fb4\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u4e0a\uff0c\u4fbf\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ad9\u03b1\u8def\u7ebf\uff1aBIOS+MBR\u5f15\u5bfc<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

BIOS(Basic Input\/Output System\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf)
CS:IP \u6307\u5411\u4e86 0XFFFF0 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f BIOS \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

bootsect\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u9762\uff0cbootsect\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u624d\u662fgrub<\/p>\n\n\n\n

bootsect\u6a21\u5757(bootsect.s\u7f16\u8bd1\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u4e3b\u5f15\u5bfc\u6247\u533aMBR\uff0c0\u78c1\u9053\uff0c0\u78c1\u5934\uff0c\u7b2c1\u4e2a\u6247\u533a)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0aBIOS\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u53bb\u5230\u5165\u53e3\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5176\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u6267\u884cbootsect.s\uff0c\u800cbootsect.s\u9996\u8981\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u81ea\u8eab\u4ece0x07c00\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u590d\u5236\u52300x90000\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bb5x86\u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6307\u5411\u539f\u6765\u7684bootsect\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u590d\u5236\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u518d\u6b21\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4ee5\u5907\u65b0\u7684bootsect\u4f4d\u7f6e\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u4ece\u56fe\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u4e3a\u76f4\u89c2\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u76f8\u4fe1\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u548c\u6211\u4e00\u6837\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u7591\u60d1,\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u590d\u5236\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5c82\u4e0d\u662f\u591a\u6b64\u4e00\u4e3e\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\uff1a
1.\u539f\u672c\u7684bootsect\u524d\u540e\u90fd\u6709\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u590d\u5236\u51fa\u6765\u597d\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c
2.\u6839\u636elinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u7559\u57280x7c00\u4ee5\u53ca\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5730\u5740\u662f\u5371\u9669\u7684\uff0c\u4f1a\u88ab\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684system\u6a21\u5757\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fd8\u662f\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e86\uff0c\u653e\u5fc3\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u7684\u540e\u9762\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u6e05\u7684
\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u662fsetup.s\u767b\u573a\u4e86<\/p>\n\n\n\n

setup\u6a21\u5757(setup.s\u7f16\u8bd1\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u5728MBR\u7b2c2\u4e2a\u5230\u7b2c4\u4e2a\u6247\u533a)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

bootsect \u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740 0x90200 \u5904\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


setup\u6a21\u5757\u505a\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff1a
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.\u5229\u7528 BIOS \u7684 0x13 \u529f\u80fd\u4ece\u786c\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u4fe1\u606f\uff0cax\u7684\u9ad88\u4f4dah\u8868\u793a\u6247\u533a\uff0cax\u7684\u4f4e8\u4f4dal\u8868\u793a\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6247\u533a\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2.\u5229\u7528 BIOS\u4e2d\u65ad0x10\u529f\u80fd\u53f7ah=0x13\u626b\u63cf\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a”Loading system…”\u5b57\u6837\u3002
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


3.\u4e4b\u540e\u5c06\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a setup \u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u540e\u7684 system \u4ee3\u7801\u4f7f\u7528cmp\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58 0x10000 \u5730\u5740\u5904\u3002
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


4.\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6839\u636e\u6240\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u5907\u53f7\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u5f15\u5bfc\u6247\u533a\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5927\u5c0f(\u662f 1.44M A \u76d8\u5417?)\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230 setup \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5165\u53e3(0x90200)\u6267\u884c setup \u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u5e03\u5c40\u53d8\u6210\u7684\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u300aLinux\u5185\u6838\u5b8c\u5168\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\u91cc\u7684\u56fe\u6709\u8bef\u5bfc\u4e4b\u5acc\u7591\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5728 Linux 0.11 \u7248\u672c\u4e2d, system \u4ee3\u7801\u5360\u7528\u4e86 240 \u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u3002\u800c\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u540e\u7684 2630 \u591a\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u90fd\u672a\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u6247\u533a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf,\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u4ece\u5f15\u5bfc\u6247\u533a\u542f\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


5.setup\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c
setup\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5229\u7528BIOS\u4e2d\u65ad\u53bb\u8bfb\u53d6\u8bf8\u591a\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230bootsect\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8986\u76d6\u6389\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u7684bootsect\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u6765bootsect\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u786e\u5b9e\u591f\u653e\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u6bd4\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u53c2\u6570\u7684\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u9650\u4e8e\u7bc7\u5e45\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u5c55\u793a\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

6.\u52a0\u8f7dsystem\u6a21\u5757(\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165\u4fdd\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f(\u6216\u800564\u4f4d\u957f\u6a21\u5f0f))<\/p>\n\n\n\n

setup\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06system\u4ee3\u7801\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b580x10000-0x8ffff\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185(\u66fe\u7ecf\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u8db3\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee3\u7801,\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc70x80000\uff08512k\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u5176\u672b\u7aef\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u57400x10000+0x80000=0x90000)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8ba9bootsect\u7684\u5730\u5740\u653e\u52300x90000\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u628asystem \u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7d\u52300x00000 \u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6ce2\u53cabootsect\u548csetup\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8bf4\u592a\u5c0f\u4e86\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u5b9e\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\u90fd\u4e0d\u591fsystem\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u540e\u671f\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u8ba9system\u8fdb\u5165\u4fdd\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f(\u6216\u800564\u4f4d\u957f\u6a21\u5f0f)\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5bfb\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c31\u5927\u4e86\uff0c\u8db3\u591f\u8ba9system\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fdb\u5185\u5b58\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u592a\u592a\u504f\u5e95\u5c42\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0bA20\u5730\u5740\u7ebf\u3001\u4e2d\u65ad\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u53f7\u8868IDT\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u53f7\u8868GDT\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A20\u5730\u5740\u7ebf\uff1a
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u5e03\u5c40\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u521a\u521a\u5b8c\u6210\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6307\u9488\u90fd\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u54110x00000\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fsystem\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800csetup\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u662fjmp 0,8\uff0c\u6b64\u59048\u4e3a\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u7b26\uff0c0\u662f\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u4e34\u65f6\u5168\u5c40\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868gdt\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u8df3\u8f6c\u6307\u5411\u4e860x00000\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

system\u6a21\u5757(head.s\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u79cd\u5185\u6838\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u8bd1\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u7b2c6\u6247\u533a\u4ee5\u540e)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

head.s\uff0c\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u662fsystem\u7684head\u3002\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u5355\u4e00\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u52a0\u8f7d\u5404\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u518d\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\u65ad\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868idt\uff0c\u4e00\u5171256\u9879\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u9879\u53608\u5b57\u8282….\u5206\u9875\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\u65ad+\u5168\u5c40\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u539f\u6765\u662f\u5c01\u88c5\u597d\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u957f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770b\uff0c\u4e0d\u60f3\u770b\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5565\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u540e\u9762\u8fd8\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9875\u8868\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770b\u300aLinux\u5185\u6838\u5b8c\u5168\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4e86head.s\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31ok\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u4fdd\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f(\u6216\u800564\u4f4d\u957f\u6a21\u5f0f)\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\uff0c\u5bf9idt\u3001gdt\u3001\u9875\u8868\u7b49\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u8ba9\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u987a\u5229\u4f7f\u7528\u4fdd\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f(\u6216\u800564\u4f4d\u957f\u6a21\u5f0f)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5e03\u5c40\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b64\u65f6\u7684DS\u3001CS\u3001ESI\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5168\u5c40\u3001\u5c40\u90e8\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u4e2aLDT\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1(\u8fdb\u7a0b)\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2aGDT\u6700\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u670964\u4e2aLDT\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u4ecebootsect\u6765\u770b\uff0cBIOS\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u770bBIOS\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6700\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff1aCPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709CPU\u6216\u8005\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5565\u90fd\u5e72\u4e0d\u4e86\u3002BIOS\u9996\u5148\u88abCPU\u6267\u884c\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5b83\u5e2e\u52a9CPU\u9996\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0cBIOS\u628a\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u81ea\u8eab\u590d\u5236\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c31\u662f\u8df3\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528CPU\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u6765\u505a\u66f4\u591a\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u8bbe\u5907<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019BIOS\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u884c\u5176\u4f59\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u679a\u4e3e\u4e86\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u574f\u6389\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u662f\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u4e00\u5207\u51c6\u5907\u5c31\u7eea\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5185\u6838\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u6865\u6881<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2d\u65ad\u8868\u548c\u4e2d\u65ad\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u4e3a\u4e2d\u65ad\u670d\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u5185\u6838\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002\u60f3\u542f\u52a8linux\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5efa\u7acb\u5185\u6838\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u968f\u65f6\u5207\u6362\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

0x00000-0x003ff:\u4e2d\u65ad\u5411\u91cf\u8868\n0x00400-0x004ff:BIOS\u6570\u636e\u533a\n0x00500-0x07bff:\u81ea\u7531\u5185\u5b58\u533a\n0x07c00-0x07dff:\u5f15\u5bfc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u52a0\u8f7d\u533a\n0x07e00-0x9ffff:\u81ea\u7531\u5185\u5b58\u533a\n0xa0000-0xbffff:\u663e\u793a\u5185\u5b58\u533a\n0xc0000-0xfffff:BIOS\u4e2d\u65ad\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u533a<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
BIOS\u4e2d\u65ad\u8868(\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0e\u4e2d\u65ad\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868IDT\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u786e\u5b9e\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u81f3\u4eca\u7ea6\u5b9a\u4fd7\u6210\u7684\u662f\uff0c256\u4e2a\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u4e2d\u65ad\u8868\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u5730\u5740+\u6bb5\u5730\u5740\uff09\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u57280x00000~0x003FF\u8fd91KB\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u653e\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5c31\u7a7a\u7740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2d\u65ad\u8868\u4e2d\u6709 256 \u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\u5360\u7528 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u662f CS \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668(\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u6bb5\u5730\u5740)\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u662f IP \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668(\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u5730\u5740)\u7684\u503c\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e2d\u65ad\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
BIOS\u4e2d\u65ad\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f(\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0e\u4e2d\u65ad\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u533a\u5206)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u4e2d\u65ad\u8868\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7528 256KB \u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u6784\u5efa BIOS \u6570\u636e\u533a\uff080x00400~0x004FF\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5728 0x0e05b \u7684\u5730\u5740\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e86 8KB \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u4e0e\u4e2d\u65ad\u8868\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e2d\u65ad\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u542f\u52a8\u5916\u90e8\u50a8\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0cBIOS \u4f1a\u641c\u7d22\u53ef\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u7531 CMOS \u4e2d\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\uff08\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5e73\u65f6\u8bb2\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5728 BIOS \u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u987a\u5e8f\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u8f6f\u9a71\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5149\u9a71\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a usb \u63a5\u53e3\u7684 U \u76d8\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u542f\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Linux \u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4ece\u786c\u76d8\u4e2d\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u3002\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u7b2c 1 \u4e2a\u6247\u533a\uff08\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6247\u533a 512 \u5b57\u8282\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a** MBR\uff08\u4e3b\u542f\u52a8\u8bb0\u5f55\uff09**\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6709\u57fa\u672c\u7684 GRUB \u542f\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u5206\u533a\u8868\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 GRUB \u65f6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5199\u5165\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\uff0c\u5f53 MBR \u88ab BIOS \u88c5\u8f7d\u5230 0x7c00 \u5730\u5740\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u540e\uff0cBIOS \u5c31\u4f1a\u5c06\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u8f6c\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e86 MBR\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e86 GRUB\u3002
\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0cBIOS \u5230 GRUB \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ad9\u03b2\/\u03b3\u8def\u7ebf\uff1aBIOS(\u6216UEFI)+GRUB\u5f15\u5bfc<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
Here we go again…\u5b66\u5b8c\u524d\u9762\u7684bootsect\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u5757\u5c31\u6bd4\u8f83\u8f7b\u677e\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8linux\u5185\u6838\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u8bdd\u9006\u5411\u4e0a\u9047\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u60f3\u770b\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u5f88\u5c11\u8be6\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u6d6a\u8d39\u592a\u591a\u65f6\u95f4\u5566\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
UEFI\u7edf\u4e00\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u56fa\u4ef6\u63a5\u53e3\uff08Unified Extensible Firmware Interface\uff0cUEFI\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
UEFI \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ee3\u66ff BIOS\uff0cBIOS\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u4e86\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u663e\u5f97\u8ddf\u4e0d\u4e0a\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f46\u662f\u597d\u50cf\u5f88\u591a\u4e3b\u8981\u8fd8\u662fbios\u5427\uff0c\u770b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684vps\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u662fbios\u7684\u800c\u975euefi\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u770b\u770b\/boot\/\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\/efi\/\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u5bf9UEFI\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u7ae5\u978b\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u9605https:\/\/wiki.archlinuxcn.org\/wiki\/EFI_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%86%E5%8C%BA<\/p>\n\n\n\n
linux\u5185\u6838\u5e76\u4e0d\u8d1f\u8d23uefi\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5176\u4f7f\u7528”EFISTUB”\u4e0eUEFI\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003Arch Linux\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\u6765\u52a0\u6df1\u7406\u89e3\uff1ahttps:\/\/wiki.archlinuxcn.org\/wiki\/Arch_%E7%9A%84%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“UEFI \u4e0d\u4ece\u4e3b\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08MBR\uff09\u4e2d\u542f\u52a8\u4efb\u4f55\u5f15\u5bfc\u4ee3\u7801\uff08\u65e0\u8bba\u5176\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff09\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0cUEFI \u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f9d\u8d56\u975e\u6613\u5931\u6027\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\uff08NVRAM\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u6761\u76ee\u3002”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u76f8\u5f53\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8fd9\u89e3\u7b54\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7591\u60d1\uff1a\u524d\u9762\u770b\u5b8cbootsect\u90a3\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u5c31\u6ca1\u89c1\u5230NVRAM\u7684\u8eab\u5f71\u5462\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
UEFI\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u9996\u5148\u662fSecurity\u9636\u6bb5\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9636\u6bb5\uff08PEI\uff09\uff0c\u5728CPU\u52a0\u7535\u81ea\u68c0\u540e\uff0cUEFI \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5f15\u5bfc\u6240\u9700\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\uff08\u786c\u76d8\u3001\u952e\u76d8\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7b49\u7b49\uff09,\u4e0d\u505c\u7559\u5728\u5b9e\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u516564\u4f4d\u957f\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u90a332\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c82\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u4e0d\u4e86UEFI? \u6bd4\u598232\u4f4d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728UEFI\u56fa\u4ef6\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4f46UEFI\u56fa\u4ef6\u662f64\u4f4d\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b64\u65f632\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5728\u517c\u5bb9\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5728\u517c\u5bb9\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0cUEFI\u56fa\u4ef6\u4f1a\u6a21\u62df\u4f20\u7edf\u7684BIOS\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf32\u4f4d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u5f15\u5bfc\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

UEFI\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08FAT\u683c\u5f0f\uff09\u8bfb\u53d6\\efi\\boot\\bootx64.efi\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c
\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u8fdb\u5165\u9a71\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7d\u9636\u6bb5\u9636\u6bb5(DXE)\u3001\u542f\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u9009\u62e9\u9636\u6bb5\uff08BDS\uff09\u8bfb\u53d6 NVRAM \u4e2d\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u9879\uff0c\u4ee5\u51b3\u5b9a\u8981\u542f\u52a8\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a EFI \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u54ea\u542f\u52a8\uff08\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u76d8\u548c\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u53d6\u5168\u5c40\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u5206\u533a\u8868(GUID Partition Table\uff0cGUID \u5206\u533a\u8868\uff0cGPT)\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0cUEFI \u56fa\u4ef6\u4f1a\u626b\u63cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5206\u533a,\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 Partition Type GUID \u8bc6\u522b EFI \u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u533a(EFI System Partition,ESP)\u3002ESP \u5305\u542b\u4e86 UEFI \u542f\u52a8\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u6ce8\u610fGUID\u662f\u51e0\u4e4e\u201c\u5168\u7403\u552f\u4e00\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u201c\u5168\u5c40\u201d\u662f\u6307\u5168\u5730\u7403\u54e6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6807\u8bc6\u67d0\u6837\u4e1c\u897f\u800c\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982swap\u5206\u533a\u5c31\u662f0657FD6D-A4AB-43C4-84E5-0933C84B4F4F\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6700\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9884\u52a0\u8f7d\u9636\u6bb5\uff08TSL\uff09\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a0\u8f7d\u9636\u6bb5\uff08RT\uff09 \uff0cUEFI\u4f1a\u4e3a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u7136\u540eUEFI\u4f1a\u628a\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u4ea4\u7ed9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u59cb\u52a0\u8f7d
\u5982\u679c\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0cUEFI\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u6062\u590d\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\uff08AL\u9636\u6bb5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6ce8\u610fUEFI\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u517c\u5bb9MBR\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u5176\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u4f20\u7edf\u7684MBR\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u4e0d\u652f\u6301GPT\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u9519\u8bef\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u7834\u574f\u786c\u76d8\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2aMBR\u4e5f\u53eb\u505a\u4fdd\u62a4MBR\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
UEFI\u4e0eBIOS\u5f02\u540c\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u6b63\u662fUEFI\u4f7f\u7528GPT\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5176\u901a\u8fc7ESP\u5206\u533a\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u542f\u52a8\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u91cc\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u53ef\u542f\u52a8\u7684 EFI \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

UEFI \u56fa\u4ef6\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u542f\u52a8\u67d0\u4e2a EFI \u7a0b\u5e8f,\u7531\u5b83\u518d\u53bb\u542f\u52a8\u5176\u4ed6\u7684 EFI \u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d,\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u8f7d\u5404\u79cd\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6,\u4e3a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u673a\u5236,\u4e3a UEFI \u7cfb\u7edf\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BIOS\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u5982\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u73af\u73af\u76f8\u6263\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

UEFI\u4f7f\u7528 64 \u4f4d\u903b\u8f91\u5757\u5730\u5740\uff08logical block address\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u5bfb\u5740\u7684\u6700\u5927\u786c\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f 2 ZiB\u3002MBR \u53ea\u652f\u6301 2 TiB \u7684\u6700\u5927\u786c\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

UEFi\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u672b\u5c3e\u50a8\u5b58\u5934\u90e8\u548c\u5206\u533a\u8868\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6062\u590d\u5206\u533a\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5176\u91c7\u7528\u4e86CRC32 \u6821\u9a8c\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

UEFI\u768499%\u662f\u7528C\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u50cf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u800cBIOS\u5219\u662f\u7528\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u786c\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eBIOS\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u6666\u6da9\u7ea6\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u5176\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u597d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cBIOS\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u652f\u6301\u65b0\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\u65b0\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u66f4\u65b0BIOS\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684BIOS\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u4f7f\u5f97\u786c\u4ef6\u5236\u9020\u5546\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684BIOS\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
GRUB(GRand Unified Bootloader)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cGNU GRUB \u548cGRUB\u662fGRand Unified Bootloader\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u91cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3002\u7528\u6765\u5f15\u5bfc\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982windows\uff0clinux\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e0b\u9009\u62e9\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662fGrub\u5f15\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u76ee\u524d GRUB \u5206\u6210 GRUB legacy \u548c GRUB 2\u3002\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u662f 0.9x \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c\u90fd\u79f0\u4e3a GRUB Legacy \uff0c\u4ece 1.x \u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5c31\u79f0\u4e3a GRUB 2\uff0c\u5982\u65e0\u7279\u522b\u8bf4\u660e\u7686\u6307GRUB2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
GRUB \u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u52a0\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 \/boot\/grub\/grub.cfg<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
(\u8fd9\u91ccinitrd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u6210initramfs)
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u4f46\u662fstage1\u548c2\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stage 1
\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u4e8eMBR(\u56fe\u6ca1\u6709\u753b\u9519\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b58\u653e\u4e8eMBR\u548c\u7531MBR\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u533a\u522b)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u52a0\u8f7dStage 2\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u663e\u793a\u5f15\u5bfc\u83dc\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Stage 2
\u8be5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u914d\u7f6e\u52a0\u8f7d+\u663e\u793a\u9009\u62e9\uff1a\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u9996\u5148\u662f\u8bfb\u53d6GRUB\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662fgrub.cfg\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5f15\u5bfc\u83dc\u5355\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8be6\u60c5\u89c1https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/Luckiers\/article\/details\/113387209<\/p>\n\n\n\n
menuentry \"Ubuntu\" {    \nset root=(hd0,1)    \nlinux \/vmlinuz root=\/dev\/sda1    \ninitrd \/initrd.img \n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u6839\u636e\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6307\u793a\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u5f15\u5bfc\u83dc\u5355\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u9009\u62e9\u3002
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7528\u6237\u9009\u62e9\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u540e\uff1a\u52a0\u8f7d\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838+\u521d\u59cb\u5316RAM\u78c1\u76d8\u955c\u50cf\uff08initrd\uff09\u6216\u8005initramfs\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5c06\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u79fb\u4ea4\u7ed9\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u5f15\u5bfc\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ece\u955c\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\u89d2\u5ea6\u770bstage1\u3001stage2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u5177\u4f53\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u770bhttp:\/\/bbs.c3.wuyou.net\/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=422869<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\nhttps:\/\/hugh712.gitbooks.io\/grub\/content\/image-files.html\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
stage1\uff08\u4e0a\u56fe\u5de6\u8fb9\u84dd\u8272\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u542f\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u662f\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u786c\u76d8\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0ccore.img\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u662fdiskboot.img\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u542f\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u662f\u5149\u9a71(cd-rom)\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u5149\u9a71\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0ccore.img\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u7684\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u662fcdboo.img\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u662f\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u7684PXE\u73af\u5883\u542f\u52a8\uff0ccore.img\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u662fpxeboot.img\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u662f\u7528LILO\u5f00\u673a\uff0clnxboot.img\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u653e\u7f6e\u5728core image\u7684\u524d\u65b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u6838\u5fc3\u6620\u50cf\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4e0eLinux \u5185\u6838\u5f88\u50cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837 LILO \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 “image=sector” \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5f15\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5373\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6 core.img \u4e2d\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd8\u4e0d\u8bc6\u522b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c06core.img\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ee5block\u5217\u8868\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u56db\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u627e\u5230\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

stage2\uff1a\u5c06\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u79fb\u4ea4\u7ed9\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u5f15\u5bfc\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u4ea4\u7ed9 kernel.img \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e0ebootsect\u533a\u522b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u548c bootsect \u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a
1.GRUB \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u5728 MBR \u6247\u533a,\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6247\u533a\u3002
2.GRUB \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u914d\u7f6e,\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u5bfc\u591a\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002
3.GRUB \u652f\u6301\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u50cf bootsect \u90a3\u6837\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u6247\u533a\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ad9\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u79bb\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ec5\u5dee\u4e00\u6b65\u4e4b\u9065\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0b\u524d\u6587\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u7136\u5904\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u6001\uff0c\u4f46\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u968f\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u51c6\u5907\u5c31\u7eea\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u7528\u6237\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u6b63\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f46\u662f\u6b64\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u600e\u4e48\u7528\u5440\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002\u800c\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u786c\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u96be\u9898\u5c31\u6765\u4e86\uff1a
1.\u5382\u5546\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6545\u786c\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u4e94\u82b1\u516b\u95e8\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u628a\u5404\u79cd\u9a71\u52a8\u7f16\u8bd1\u5230linux\u5185\u6838\u91cc\u9762\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5148\u6709\u9e21\u8fd8\u662f\u5148\u6709\u86cb\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u9700\u8981\u786c\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u800c\u786c\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u8bc6\u522b\u9700\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u95e8\u5b58\u653e\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u4fbf\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\u4e86\u3002\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5b83\u53eb\u505ainitrd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u65e7\uff1aLinux\u5185\u6838\u91c7\u7528initrd(“initial ramdisk”\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5185\u5b58\u76d8\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8eramdisk)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u66fe\u7ecf(\u6307Linux\u5185\u68382.4\u7248\u672c\u4ee5\u524d,\u73b0\u5728\u90fd6.7.12\u4e86)\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662finitrd\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8eramdisk\uff0c
ramdisk\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf,\u53ef\u5728\u7279\u6b8a\u5757\u8bbe\u5907( \/dev\/ram ) \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528,\u5982\u679c\u662f\/dev\/ram0\uff0c\u5219\u5c06initrd\u6620\u50cf\u6302\u8f7d\u4e3a root\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ramdisk\u9700\u8981\u9884\u5148\u5206\u914d\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u652f\u6301\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\uff08\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u53ea\u80fd\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u5199\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u9a71\u52a8\u624d\u80fd\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u521d\u59cb\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u5c06\u6267\u884c \/linuxrc ,\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1b\u5f53\u5b83\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u5047\u5b9a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u6302\u8f7d\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884c \/sbin\/init \u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f15\u5bfc\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5b89\u88c5initrd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u7a0d\u5fae\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# mkdir \/initrd \/\/\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\n# \u786e\u4fdd\u73af\u56de\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u5df2\u914d\u7f6e\u5230\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\n\n# \u521b\u5efa\u9002\u5f53\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\ndd if=\/dev\/zero of=initrd bs=300k count=1\nmke2fs -F -m0 initrd\n\n# \u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\nmount -t ext2 -o loop initrd \/mnt\n\n# \u521b\u5efa\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\nmkdir \/mnt\/dev\nmknod \/mnt\/dev\/console c 5 1\n\n# \u590d\u5236\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528initrd\u73af\u5883\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\n# \u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8bb0\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\/sbin\/init\n# \/sbin\/init\u6743\u9650\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u201cx\u201d\uff08\u6267\u884c\uff09\n\n# \u6d4b\u8bd5initrd\u73af\u5883\nchroot \/mnt \/sbin\/init\n\n# \u5378\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\numount \/mnt\n\n# \u53ef\u9009\uff1a\u538b\u7f29initrd\ngzip -9 initrd\n\n# \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u5f15\u5bfc\u5185\u6838\u5e76\u52a0\u8f7dinitrd\n# \u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709 Linux \u5f15\u5bfc\u52a0\u8f7d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u652f\u6301 \ninitrd\n# \u7ed9\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5f15\u5bfc\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\nroot=\/dev\/ram0 rw\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528 LOADLIN\nLOADLIN <kernel> initrd=<disk_image>\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528 LILO\nimage = \/bzImage\n  initrd = \/boot\/initrd.gz\n  append = \"root=\/dev\/ram0 rw\"\n# \u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\n\/sbin\/lilo<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
init<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
1.\u6302\u8f7d\u65b0\u7684\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n# mkdir \/new-root\n# mount -o ro \/dev\/hda1 \/new-root    \/\/\u6302\u8f7d\u5230hda1\uff0c\u5373\u78c1\u76d8\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u533a<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6839\u66f4\u6539\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 pivot_root \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0cpivot_root \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u66f4\u6539\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 initrd \u6216 initramfs\uff09\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b83\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u6839\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u65b0\u6839\u4e0b\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u65b0\u6839\u653e\u5728\u5176\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5728\u8c03\u7528 pivot_root \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u65e7\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# cd \/new-root
# mkdir initrd
# pivot_root . initrd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1apivot_root \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.\u5220\u9664\u5bf9\u65e7\uff08initrd\uff09\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u73b0\u5728\uff0cinit \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\/\u8f93\u51fa\/\u9519\u8bef\u53ca\u5176\u5f53\u524d\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e7\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f15\u7528\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5220\u9664\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# exec chroot . what-follows <dev\/console >dev\/console 2>&1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cwhat-follows \u662f\u65b0\u6839\u4e0b\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\/sbin\/init\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u7684\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u4e0e udev \u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u4e14\u6ca1\u6709\u6709\u6548\u7684 \/dev \u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u8c03\u7528 chroot \u4e4b\u524d\u521d\u59cb\u5316 udev \u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b \/dev\/console\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4.\u5378\u8f7d initrd \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u53d6\u6d88\u5206\u914d RAM \u78c1\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5378\u8f7d initrd \u5e76\u91ca\u653e RAM \u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# umount \/initrd
# blockdev --flushbufs \/dev\/ram0<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u81f3\u6b64\uff0cinitrd\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u65b0\uff1aLinux\u5185\u6838\u91c7\u7528initramfs(“initial RAM filesystem”\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5185\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8eramfs(\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4f5ctmpfs))<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u4f46\u662framdisk\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5185\u6838\u8bbf\u95eeinitrd\u65f6\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f18\u6545\uff09\uff0c\u800cinitrd\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53cd\u800c\u975e\u5e38\u4f4e\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e8e\u662f\u5728 Linux 2.6 \u53ca\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e2d,\u5185\u6838\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e ramfs \u7684 initramfs \uff08\u521d\u59cb RAM \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5c31\u662f\u5c06cache\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f4\u63a5\u6302\u8f7d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002cache\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u53c8\u4e00\u5c42\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u3002
ramfs \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u9875\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf,\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9884\u5148\u5206\u914d\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f,\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a8\u6001\u589e\u957f\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6839\u636e\u9759\u6001\u7f16\u8bd1\u5230\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u538b\u4f7f\u7528gzip\u3001bzip2\u3001LZMA\u3001XZ\u3001LZO\u3001LZ4\u548czstd\u538b\u7f29\u7684 initrd\/initramfs \u6620\u50cf\uff0c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u51fa\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u6267\u884c \/init \uff08\u5728 rootfs \u4e2d\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86rootfs\u6302\u8f7d\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
VFS\u662f\u5565\uff1arootfs\u4e3aVFS\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u800crootfs\u53c8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6302\u8f7d\u5230VFS
\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86initramfs\u89e3\u538b\u5230rootfs\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6210\u4e0d\u5220\u9664rootfs\u5462\uff0c\u660e\u660e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u95f4\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u56e0\u4e3arootfs\u6b64\u65f6\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u7684\u603b\u6839\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u5b83\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u5220\u6389\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u57fa\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edframfs\uff0c\u5220\u6389\u5176\u4e2d\u6587\u4ef6\u5373\u53ef\u91ca\u653e\u5176\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ramdisk vs ramfs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
initrd vs initramfs\u76f4\u89c2\u56fe<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u53c2\u8003<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
\u300a\u6df1\u5ea6\u63a2\u7d22Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf-\u7cfb\u7edf\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u539f\u7406\u89e3\u6790\u300b\u597d\u662f\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e66\u662f\u771f\u6709\u70b9\u96be\u5e72\u5543\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u770b\u5404\u79cd\u535a\u5ba2\u770b\u4e2a\u5927\u6982\uff0c\u6709\u5b8f\u89c2\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u624d\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63a8\u8350\u770b\u300aLinux\u5185\u6838\u5b8c\u5168\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u201c\u9ebb\u96c0\u867d\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e94\u810f\u4ff1\u5168\u201d\u7684v0.11\u7248\u672c(2\u4e07\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u52a0\u8f7d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65b9\u9762\u8ddf\u73b0\u4eca2024\u5e74\u7684linux\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5dee\u522b\u4e0d\u5927)\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec6\u8282\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u521a\u521a\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5176\u5177\u6709\u6bd4\u8f83\u900f\u5f7b\u7684\u539f\u7406\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u66f4\u4e3a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u56fe\u4f8b\u3001\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u4ece\u5bf9\u5185\u6838\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u77e5\u5f00\u59cb\u521d\u5b66\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u5c5e\u300aLinux\u5185\u6838\u5b8c\u5168\u6ce8\u91ca\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u603b\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0d\u591f\u8be6\u7ec6\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4f7f\u5f97\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4eba\u9677\u5165\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u53ea\u662f\u53ef\u60dc\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u80fdgrub\u5f15\u5bfc\u5e76\u672a\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u8fd8\u662f\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u8001\u7248\u7684bootsect\u800c\u975e\u540e\u6765\u66f4\u6d41\u884c\u7684grub\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\nhttps:\/\/github.com\/torvalds\/linux\/blob\/96fca68c4fbf77a8185eb10f7557e23352732ea2\/init\/main.c#L1468\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u63a8\u8350\u770bArchLinux\u7684\u5b98\u65b9wiki(\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u6559\u7a0b\uff0c\u7231\u6765\u81eacn)\uff0c\u8bb2\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u901a\u4fd7\u6613\u61c2\uff0c\u53ef\u60dc\u8be6\u7ec6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5feb\u901f\u4e86\u89e3\u5168\u8c8c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\nhttps:\/\/wiki.archlinuxcn.org\/wiki\/Arch_%E7%9A%84%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B#\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u5185\u5b58\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u770b\u56fe\u7684\u8bdd\u63a8\u8350
https:\/\/juejin.cn\/post\/6910028853339488264#heading-0
https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/LIJIWEI0611\/article\/details\/125952005
https:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/Sna1lGo\/p\/15752638.html
https:\/\/juejin.cn\/post\/6844904121946865678(\u63a8\u8350)
https:\/\/github.com\/Yuandong-Chen\/Linux-0.11(\u63a8\u8350\uff0cLinux\u5185\u6838\u5b8c\u5168\u6ce8\u91ca)
https:\/\/baijiahao.baidu.com\/s?id=1773305137022311302&wfr=spider&for=pc
https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/Luckiers\/article\/details\/113387209
http:\/\/bbs.c3.wuyou.net\/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=422869
https:\/\/hugh712.gitbooks.io\/grub\/content\/image-files.html
https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/html\/latest\/search.html(Linux\u5185\u6838\u624b\u518c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u63a8\u8350)
https:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/sztom\/p\/11120364.html#204(initramfs)
https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/weixin_43269452\/article\/details\/131169725(initramfs)
https:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/smartjourneys\/p\/9566974.html(initramfs)
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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